"Ice formation on the unheated leading edge, which may occur prior to activation of the heating system, was removed in 1 to 1 1/2 minutes by a hot-gas-flow rate that would be sufficient for normal anti-icing."
"Investigation of Porous Gas-Heated Leading-Edge Section for Icing Protection of a Delta Wing" 1
Abstract
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A tip section of a delta wing having an NACA 0004-65 airfoil section and a 60° leading-edge sweepback was equipped with a porous leading-edge section through which hot gas was bled for anti-icing. Heating rates for anti-icing were determined for a wide range of icing conditions. The effects of gas flow through the porous leading-edge section on airfoil pressure distribution and drag in dry air were investigated. The drag increase caused by an ice formation on the unheated airfoil was measured for several icing conditions. Experimental porous surface- to free-stream convective heat-transfer coefficients were obtained in dry …